| 李民生,崔宇宏,王爱娜,王玳,张峰,常雅卉.种植、野生薄荷原药材调研考察及分析[J].中国药事,2019,33(4):435-445 |
| 种植、野生薄荷原药材调研考察及分析 |
| Investigation and Analysis into Cultivated and Wild Mentha Haplocalyx Briq |
| 投稿时间：2018-12-02 |
| DOI：10.16153/j.1002-7777.2019.04.014 |
| 中文关键词: 薄荷 种植 野生 植物形态 GC-MS TLC 挥发油 成分 |
| 英文关键词: Mentha haplocalyx Briq cultivated wild morphology of plants GC-MS TLC volatile oil components |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的：考察分析国内不同种植及野生薄荷的质量，为薄荷的标准提高和质量控制提供合理化建议。方法：采用气相色谱质谱联用方法，分析40批次不同产地薄荷挥发油中的主要化学成分；采用薄层色谱方法，分析薄荷及其混淆品的薄层色谱行为；观察植物花序类型，茎、叶、花萼的特征及气味特点。结果：根据挥发油中所含主要成分、薄层色谱行为及植物形态，进行了分类，分为三大类：薄荷类、留兰香类及其他类。薄荷较稳定的特征为轮伞花序腋生，茎、叶、花萼有毛，辛凉味足，挥发油中主成分为薄荷脑、薄荷酮。结论：大多数地区种植的薄荷与药典规定基原相符，个别地区存在留兰香类及同属其他植物当薄荷错种、误种的问题，部分地区野生品植物形态与药典品相近，挥发油主成分为胡薄荷酮、薄荷酮，而薄荷脑含量较低或无，不应作为药用薄荷使用；薄荷的质量控制应采取性状与化学成分相结合的方式。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective: To investigate and analyze the quality of cultivated different and wild Mentha haplocalyx Briq in China and to put forward reasonable suggestions for standard improvement and quality control of Mentha haplocalyx Briq. Methods: GC-MS was used to analyze the main chemical components of 40 batches of volatile oil from different producing areas. Thin layer chromatography behavior of Mentha haplocalyx Briq and its adulterants was analyzed by thin layer chromatography. The characteristics of inflorescence, stem, leaf, calyx and odor were also observed. Results: Three types were classified:Mentha haplocalyx Briq, Mentha spicata L. and other types according to the essential components, chromatographic behavior of TLC and plant morphology of volatile oil. The stable characteristics of Mentha haplocalyx Briq were axillary inflorescence, pilosity of stem, leaf and calyx and pungent-cool property, and the essential components of volatile oils were menthol and menthone. Conclusion: The cultivated Mentha haplocalyx Briq in most areas is consistent with the basic source of Pharmacopoeia regulations. But in some areas, the Mentha spicata L. and other plants of the same species are planted in mistake for Mentha haplocalyx Briq. In some areas, the morphology of wild plants is similar to that of Pharmacopoeia. The main components of volatile oil are menthol and menthone, and the content of menthol is low or none, which should not be used as medicinal mint. The quality control of Mentha haplocalyx Briq should be carried out by combining properties with the chemical components. |
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