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| 潍坊市儿童基本药物的可获得性及价格评价研究Δ |
| Measuring availability and prices of paediatric essential medicines in Weifang |
| 投稿时间：2020-02-27 修订日期：2020-07-10 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 儿童基本药物 公立医院 零售药店 可获得性 价格 可负担性 |
| 英文关键词: Paediatric essential medicines Public hospital Private pharmacy Availability Price Affordability |
| 基金项目:山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目；潍坊市科技发展计划项目 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的：分析潍坊市儿童基本药物的可获得性情况和价格水平，为我国儿童基本药物目录的出台和促进儿童基本药物的合理使用提供借鉴。方法：采用世界卫生组织和健康行动国际组织共同制定的标准化法，对潍坊市6个县市的34家公立医院和37家零售药店的30种儿童基本药物的价格和可获得性进行调研，将价格与国际参考价进行对比研究，评价药物的可负担性。结果：原研药在公立医院和零售药店的可获得性分别为15.8%和30.3%，最低价格仿制药在公立医院和零售药店的可获得性分别为44.8%和36.7%。原研药在公立医院和零售药店的中位中位价格比[请核对无误][此处无误。此处的中位中位价格比，是将每种药品的中位价格比再取中位数，形成原研药或仿制药一大类的价格评价指标。]（中位MPR）大于1.5，最低价格仿制药在公立医院的中位MPR[同上。][？]小于1.5，在零售药店大于1.5。原研药可负担性小于1的品种数占比在公立医院和零售药店分别为50.0%和57.14%，最低价格仿制药品种占比在两类机构中分别为88.89%和100%。结论：儿童基本药物的可获得性一般；原研药的价格远高于国际参考价；最低价格仿制药公立医院的价格低于零售药店；原研药的可负担性一般，最低价格仿制药的可负担性较好。建议尽快出台儿童基本药物目录，鼓励医疗机构对儿童专用剂型和规格的采购，促进原研药合理定价。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract Objective: To analyse the availability and prices of paediatric essential medicines in Weifang, and to provide the reference for the list and rational use of paediatric essential medicines. Methods：By using WHO/HAI standardized survey methodology, the prices and availability of 30 paediatric essential medicines were investigated in 34 public hospitals and 37 private pharmacies in 6 counties of Weifang. We also studied the difference between retail prices and international reference prices, the affordability of medicines. Results: The availability of original brands was 15.8% in public hospitals and 30.3% in private pharmacies, and the availability of lowest price generics was 44.8% in public hospitals and 36.7% in private pharmacies, respectively.The median median price ratio(MPR) of the original brands was greater than 1.5 in both public hospitals and private pharmacies, while the median MPR of the lowest price generics was less than 1.5 in public hospitals and greater than 1.5 in private pharmacies. For the original brands, the ratio of varieties with affordability less than 1 accounted for 50.0% in public hospitals and 57.14% in private pharmacies, and 88.89% and 100% respectively for the lowest price generics. Conclusion: The availability of paediatric essential medicines was general; the prices of original brands were much higher than international reference prices; the prices of lowest price generic medicines in public hospitals were lower than them in private pharmacie; the affordability of original brands was general, but the one of the lowest price generics was good.The government should approve a list of essential medicines for children；medical institutions should be encouraged to purchase dosage forms and specifications for children；the government should promote reasonable pricing of original brands. |
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