文章摘要
某儿童医院167例药品不良反应分析
Analysis of 167 Adverse Drug Reactions in a children
投稿时间：2019-08-22  修订日期：2019-10-10
DOI：
中文关键词: 儿童医院  药品不良反应  分析  合理用药
英文关键词: Children
基金项目:陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目
作者单位邮编
任磊 空军军医大学 710032
任亚男 空军军医大学 
王伟 空军军医大学 
包晗 空军军医大学 
王玉琨* 空军军医大学 710032
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中文摘要:
      目的：分析某儿童医院167例药品不良反应的发生情况和特点，为药品不良反应监测与合理用药提供借鉴。方法：采用回顾性分析方法，从呈报人职业、患儿性别与年龄、引发ADR主要药品名称、药品种类、给药途径、联合用药、ADR累及器官/系统及主要临床症状等基本情况进行统计分析。结果：医生是ADR的主要呈报人（96.41%）。男童96例(57.48%)、女童71例(42.52%)。0～3岁患儿98例（58.68%）。引发ADR的前十位药品中居第一和第二位的分别是β-内酰胺类抗生素和营养类药物。引发ADR的主要给药途径是静脉滴注（47.31%）。单一用药53例（31.74%），二药联用110例（65.87%）。ADR累及的器官/系统主要有皮肤及附件损害105例次（60.69%)、全身性损害27例次(15.61%)、消化系统损害11例次(6.36%)。临床症状主要表现为皮疹(49.13%)、过敏(7.51%)、发热（6.94%）等。结论：应强化儿童ADR监测，加强静脉给药、联合用药、抗菌药物使用监管，规范儿童临床药物的合理应用，减少ADR的发生，保障儿童用药安全。
英文摘要:
      Abstract Objective: To analyze the occurrence and characteristics of 167 adverse drug reactions (ADR) in a children"s hospital, so as to provide reference for strengthening the monitoring of ADR and rational drug use. Methods: A retrospective analysis method was used to analyze the basic situation of ADR, including the occupation of the presenter, the sex and age of the children, the name of the main drugs causing ADR, the types of drugs, the route of administration, the combination of drugs, the involvement of organs/systems and the main clinical symptoms of ADR. Results: Among 167 children with ADR, Doctors were the main informants（96.41%）. 96 (57.48%) boys and 71 (42.52%) girls . 98 cases（58.68%） of children occurred at the age of 0～3. β-lactams and nutritional drugs ranked first and second in the top 10 drugs,respectively. Intravenous drip（47.31%) was the main route to induce ADR. 53 cases (31.74%) were caused by single drug use. There were 110 cases (65.87%) of ADR caused by combination of two drugs. ADR involved multiple organ/system damages, there were 105 cases (60.69%) of skin and appendages damage, 27 cases (15.61%) of systemic damage and 11 cases (6.36%) of digestive system damage. The main clinical symptoms were rash (49.13%), allergy (7.51%) and fever (6.94%). Conclusion: We should strengthen the monitoring of ADR in children, strengthen the supervision of intravenous administration, the combination of drugs and use of antibiotics, standardize the rational use of clinical drugs in children, reduce the occurrence of ADR and ensure the safety of drug use in children.
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