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| 中药水蛭科属分类与物种名称的发展变化 |
| Research on family and genus classification and development of species names of Hirudo |
| 投稿时间：2024-02-22 修订日期：2024-11-21 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 水蛭 蚂蟥 科属分类 物种 |
| 英文关键词: Hirudo Leech family and genus classification species |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 水蛭是一味历史悠久的动物类中药,有破血通经、逐瘀消癥的功效。新中国成立后,水蛭自1963年版《中华人民共和国药典》被收录至今。随着学者对水蛭研究的深入,对其分类不断调整与发展,目前对水蛭的科属归属逐渐分化成两套命名系统,并存在中文名称误用等问题。本文收集了建国初期至今与药典收录的三种药用水蛭及其归属相关的国内研究文献,并结合部分更早的外国记载及今主题共享数据库的资料对几种水蛭的科属归类、物种合并分离以及中文名称和拉丁学名对应等方面进行梳理与分析,旨在通过较为清楚地历史脉络让更多相关学者对这些(类)物种的发展与记录有所了解,并在以后多种场景中更加规范严谨地使用相关中文名称和别称提出自己的建议。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Hirudo is an animal traditional Chinese medicine with a long history, which has the effect of breaking blood and clearing meridians, removing blood stasis and eliminating diseases. Hirudo have been included in the Pharmacopoeia of the People"s Republic of China since 1963. With the in-depth research of Hirudo, the classification of Hirudo has been continuously adjusted and developed. At present, the family and genus attribution of Hirudo has gradually been divided into two sets of naming systems, and there are some problems such as misusage of Chinese names. This paper collected domestic research literature related to three medicinal Hirudo and their attribution in the Chinese pharmacopoeia from the early days of the People"s Republic of China to the present. Combined with some earlier foreign records and the data of today"s subject sharing database, this paper combs and analyzes the classification of family and genus, the combination and separation of species, and the correspondence between Chinese and Latin scientific names of several Hirudo, aiming to let more relevant scholars understand the development and records of these species through a clearer historical context. In the future, some suggestions are put forward to use the relevant Chinese names and nicknames in a variety of scenarios. |
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