| 焦文温,张京华,刘玲.2018版与2012版《国家基本药物目录》中抗微生物药物收录情况的比较研究[J].中国药事,2020,34(9):1001-1007 |
| 2018版与2012版《国家基本药物目录》中抗微生物药物收录情况的比较研究 |
| Comparison of Antimicrobial Drugs in National Essential Medicines List in 2018 and 2012 Editions |
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| DOI：10.16153/j.1002-7777.2020.09.002 |
| 中文关键词: 基本药物目录 抗微生物药物 药品不良反应 临床疗效 |
| 英文关键词: Essential Medicines List antimicrobial drugs adverse drug reactions clinical comprehensive evaluation |
| 基金项目:开封市科技攻关项目(编号 1903100) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的：研究2018年版《国家基本药物目录》与2012年版《国家基本药物目录》中抗微生物药物的差异，探讨2018年版中抗微生物药物变动情况及原因。方法：比较新旧国家基本药物目录中抗微生物药物的分类、品种、剂型、规格等方面的异同，对抗微生物药物目录的变动原因进行分析。结果：我国 2018年版《国家基本药物目录》与2012年版相比，抗微生物药物目录中新增1个分类，为其他抗菌类；新增13个品种，为哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠、米诺环素、莫西沙星、伊曲康唑、两性霉素B、卡泊芬净、小檗碱、更昔洛韦、奥司他韦、恩替卡韦、索磷布韦维帕他韦、替诺福韦二吡呋酯、重组人干扰素；删减 2个品种，为地红霉素和制霉素；4个品种发生剂型及规格调整，头孢菌素类头孢呋辛和抗真菌药氟康唑均增加了分散片剂型，克林霉素新增0.075 g规格，抗结核药利福平片剂删去0.3 g规格。结论：2018年版 《国家基本药物目录》与2012年版相比，抗微生物药物的分类、品种、剂型和规格的合理性有所提高， 能够更好地服务各级医疗卫生机构，促进该类药物规范、合理使用。但我国基本药物的遴选仍有很大优化空间，尤其是抗微生物药物，可借鉴世界卫生组织基本药物目录遴选思维，进一步完善我国基本药物目录。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective: To understand the differences of antimicrobial drugs between the 2012 edition and the 2018 edition of the National Essential Medicines List (NEML), to explore the changes and causes of antimicrobial drugs in the NEML of 2018 edition. Methods: The similarities and differences in classification, varieties, dosage forms, specifications and other aspects of antimicrobial drugs in the new and old Essential Medicines List were compared, and the reasons for changes in antimicrobial drugs catalogues were analyzed. Results: Compared with the Essential Medicines List in 2012, the 2018 edition has added a new category to the antimicrobial drugs catalogue, which is the other antimicrobial class. Thirteen varieties were added, including piperacillin sodium tazobactam sodium, minocycline, moxifloxacin, itraconazole, amphotericin B, caspofungin, berberine, ganciclovir, oseltamivir, entecavir, sofosbuvir/velpatasvir, tenofovir disoproxil and recombinant human interferon. Deletion of 2 varieties, dirithromycin and nysfungin; The dosage forms and specifications of the four varieties were adjusted. Cephalosporin cefuroxime and antifungal drug fluconazole added dispersible tablet dosage forms, clindamycin added 0.075 g specifications, and anti-tuberculosis drugs rifampicin tablets deleted 0.3 g specifications. Conclusion: Compared with NEML of the 2012 edition, the rationality of the classification, varieties, dosage forms and specifications of antimicrobial drugs in the NEML of 2018 edition has been improved, providing a better guide for medical and health institutions of all levels and promoting standard and reasonable use of such drugs. However, there is still much space for optimization in the selection of essential medicines, especially antimicrobial drugs. The Essential Medicines List of WHO could provide references for the further improvement of NEML. |
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