| 王莹,王赵,乔菲,金红宇,马双成.基于点评估方法的人参中农药残留摄入暴露风险研究[J].中国药事,2018,32(10):1342-1348 |
| 基于点评估方法的人参中农药残留摄入暴露风险研究 |
| On Exposure Risk of Pesticide Residues in Ginseng Based on Deterministic Approach |
| 投稿时间：2018-07-13 |
| DOI：10.16153/j.1002-7777.2018.10.006 |
| 中文关键词: 人参 农药残留 点评估 最大残留限量 |
| 英文关键词: ginseng pesticide residues deterministic approach maximum residue limit |
| 基金项目:国家药典委员会药品医疗器械审评审批制度改革项目（编号ZG2018-2-01） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的：了解2015年版《中国药典》执行后市场人参有机氯的合格情况，研究标准限度的适用性；同时进一步探索点评估方式在中药农药残留暴露评估中的应用。方法：采用《中国药典》2015年版四部有机氯法对86批人参中17种有机氯农药进行测定；采用点评估模式，计算急性和慢性摄入风险；同时采用慢性风险的消费者保护水平（CPLc）来评价现行药典人参农残最大残留限量（MRL）标准对消费者的保护水平。结果：86批样品中合格样品为38批，合格率为44.2%，不合格样品集中为五氯硝基苯（PCNB）超标，其超标率达到55.8%。通过点评估法得出，除PCNB的急性风险商超过100%外，其余农药的急性、慢性风险商均远低于100%，说明风险较小。PCNB和六六六MRL值对消费者慢性摄入风险的保护水平分别为6.9倍和2.5倍，可认为目前PCNB和六六六的MRL标准有效地保护了消费者的膳食健康。结论：本研究探索点评估模式在人参有机氯农药残留暴露评估中的应用，并利用科学评估结果对标准限量的适用性、合理性提出相关建议。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective: To assess the levels of organochlorine residues in ginseng after the implementation of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 edition), to study the applicability of the standard limits, and to explore the application of deterministic approach in the assessment of pesticide residues in traditional Chinese medicines. Methods: 17 organochlorine pesticide residues in 86 batches of ginseng were determined according to organochlorine residue methods in Part IV of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 edition). The deterministic approach was used to calculate the risk of acute and chronic intake. Meanwhile, the consumer protection level of chronic risk (CPLc) was used to evaluate the protection level of maximum residue limit (MRL) standard in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia for consumers. Results: Among the 86 batches of samples, 38 batches were proved to be qualified, with a qualification rate of 44.2%. The unqualified batches were mainly due to the residue of pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB), with an unqualified rate of 55.8%. According to the deterministic approach,except the acute risk quotient of PCNB was more than 100%, the acute and chronic risk quotients of other pesticides were less than 100%, indicating that the risk was small. The protection levels of MRL of PCNB and BHC of chronic intake risk for consumers were 6.9 times and 2.5 times, respectively, showing that the current MRL standards for PCNB and BHC effectively protected consumers' dietary health. Conclusion: The application of deterministic approach in the assessment of organochlorine pesticide residues in ginseng was explored. The results of scientific evaluation were used to make recommendations for the applicability and rationality of standard limits. |
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