| 赵杰,赵瑞玲.我院感染性腹泻患儿病原体分布及耐药性分析[J].中国药事,2020,34(6):731-736 |
| 我院感染性腹泻患儿病原体分布及耐药性分析 |
| An Analysis of Pathogens and Drug Resistance of Infectious Diarrhea in Children in A Hospital |
| 投稿时间：2019-04-29 |
| DOI：10.16153/j.1002-7777.2020.06.018 |
| 中文关键词: 感染性腹泻 流行病学 耐药性 儿童 |
| 英文关键词: infectious diarrhea epidemiology drug resistance children |
| 基金项目:山西省儿童医院山西省妇幼保健院院内科研基金（编号201949） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的： 探讨小儿感染性腹泻的病原体分布情况及耐药情况。方法： 选取2018年1月-2018年12月我院出院诊断为感染性腹泻的223例患儿为研究对象，对其临床资料和一般人口学资料进行回顾性研究，分析流行病学特点、病原体分布特点、耐药性情况以及抗菌药物使用情况等。结果： 本次调查中，感染性腹泻患儿1岁以下占比为44.93%，1~2岁占比为36.32%，3~5岁占比为6.73%，6~14岁占比为12.56%，其中1岁以下患儿占比显著高于其他年龄组。发病季节以夏季为主，占比51.12%，显著高于其他季节，春季发病人数占比为28.25%，秋季为7.62%，冬季为13.00%。223份病例中，查到明确病原的为110例，阳性检出率为49.33%。其中轮状病毒感染占18.39%，沙门菌感染率与轮状病毒相同，也为18.39%，大肠埃希菌感染占4.04%，金黄色葡萄球菌感染占3.14%；柠檬酸杆菌感染占2.24%；腺病毒感染占2.24%，铜绿假单胞菌感染占1.35%；奇异变形杆菌感染占0.89%；肺炎克雷伯菌感染占0.45%。细菌耐药结果显示沙门菌及大肠埃希菌对氨苄西林、头孢唑林、复方磺胺甲噁唑等的耐药率普遍较高，而对头孢哌酮舒巴坦、亚胺培南西司他丁较为敏感；金黄色葡萄球菌对大环内酯类、万古霉素、利奈唑胺等敏感。结论： 通过分析小儿感染性腹泻的流行病学特征、病原及耐药性，为临床诊治儿感染性腹泻提供参考依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective: To study the pathogen distribution and drug resistance of infectious diarrhea in children patients in our hospital. Methods: A total of 223 children discharged from our hospital from January, 2018 to December, 2018 who had been diagnosed as infectious diarrhea were selected as the study subjects, and their outpatient service and electronic medical records were retrospectively examined to analyze epidemiological features, pathogen distribution characteristics, drug resistance and antimicrobial use. Results: This research showed that the incidence rate was 44.93% among children under 1 year old, 36.32% among children at 1-2 years old, 6.73% among children at 3-5 years old and 12.56% among children at 6-14 years old. The incidence rate of children under 1 year old was significantly higher than that of other age groups. The incidence season was mainly in summer, and the incidence rate was 51.12%, which was significantly higher than other seasons. The spring incidence rate was 28.25%, the autumn incidence rate was 7.62%, and the winter season was 13.00%. Among the 223 cases, 110 cases were found to have specific pathogens, and the positive detection rate was 49.33%. Among them, rotavirus infection accounted for 18.39%, and Salmonella infection rate was the same as rotavirus, accounting for 18.39%. Escherichia coli infection accounted for 4.04%, and Staphylococcus aureus infection accounted for 3.14%. Citrobacter infection accounted for 2.24%, and adenovirus infection accounted for 2.24%. Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection accounted for 1.35%, and Proteus mirabilis infection accounted for 0.89%. Klebsiella pneumoniae infection accounted for 0.45%. The results of bacterial resistance showed that the resistance rates of Salmonella and Escherichia coli to ampicillin, cefazolin, and compound sulfamethoxazole were generally higher, while cefoperazone sulbactam and imipenem cilastatin were more sensitive. Staphylococcus aureus is sensitive to macrolides, vancomycin, linezolid and the like. Conclusion: By analyzing the epidemiological characteristics, pathogens and drug resistance of infectious diarrhea in children, this paper provides references for clinical diagnosis and treatment of infectious diarrhea. |
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